El Concepto de Espiritualidad: Posturas Críticas Hacia su Utilidad en la Psicología
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37226/rcp.v10i1.18399Palabras clave:
religión, espiritualidad, tautológico, medición, sagradoResumen
En las últimas cuatro décadas el concepto de espiritualidad ha tomado prominencia dentro del campo de la psicología. Esto se demuestra en un incremento sostenido en libros, artículos e investigaciones. Sin embargo, el entusiasmo con el término de espiritualidad ha tenido una trayectoria controversial, confusa y problemática. En este artículo realizo una crítica empírica, teórica y conceptual a la utilización de este término en diversas investigaciones psicológicas. En primer lugar, se señala en detalle la extrema ambigüedad del término, lo que ha creado un ambiente intelectual colmado de contradicciones, resultados inconexos y un panorama incierto sobre cómo ostensiblemente se debe medir dicho concepto. En segundo lugar, diversos investigadores han documentado de manera precisa que un número sustancial de escalas e instrumentos que pretenden medir el concepto de espiritualidad, lo que en realidad están midiendo son variables de felicidad, bienestar y crecimiento, lo que provoca que el término de espiritualidad en muchas ocasiones sea uno redundante y tautológico. Finalmente, se proponen cuatro alternativas que de cierta manera podrían aportar para que el concepto de espiritualidad tenga algún tipo de resguardo empírico y credibilidad teórica.
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